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MySQL v1.0 </doc>

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MySQL은 데이터베이스 소프트웨어입니다. 일반적으로 데이터를 추가하거나 검색, 추츨하는 기능을 모두 포함해서 데이터베이스라고 부릅니다.

MySQL은 세계에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 오픈 소스의 관계형 데이터베이스 관리 시스템(RDBMS)입니다. MySQL은 PHP 스크립트 언어와 상호 연동이 잘 되면서 오픈소스로 개발된 무료 프로그램입니다. 그래서 홈페이지나 쇼핑몰(워드프로세스, cafe24, 제로보드, 그누보드)등 일반적으로 웹 개발에 널리 사용하고 있습니다.

MAMP 설치

윈도우 : cd MAMP/bin/mysql/bin
로그인 : mysql -uroot -proot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
맥 : cd /Application/mamp/Libary/bin 맥 : sudo ./ -uroot -proot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
create database 데이터베이스 이름;
mysql> create database sample01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
show databases;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sample01           |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
use 데이버베이스 이름;
mysql> use sample01;
Database changed
drop database 데이터베이스 이름;
mysql> drop database sample01;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
create table 테이블 이름;
CREATE TABLE myMember (
    memberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(20) NOT NULL,
    youPhone int(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (memberID)
) charset=utf8 comment "회원 정보 테이블";

CREATE TABLE myReview (
    reviewID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    memberID int(10) unsigned,
    youCont tinytext NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (reviewID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('4', '정말 감사합니다. 너무 좋네요!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('7', '이거 정말 사야돼!!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('1', '이거 가방 오나전 별루예요.. 사진빨', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('9', '이거 좋다! 좋다! 좋다!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('12', '마라탕 먹고싶다.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('3', '오늘은 정말 마라탕 먹고싶다.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('16', '가성비 짱입니다. 당장 사세요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('19', '안녕하세요. 안녕하세요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('2', '안녕못해요. 안녕못해요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('14', '빨리빨리빨리.', '12345');
show tables;
show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_sample01 |
+--------------------+
| mymember           |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
desc 테이블 이름;
desc mymember;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(11)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
drop table 삭제할 테이블 이름;
create table mymember2 (
-> myMemberID int(10) NOT NULL comment "회원 아이디");
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_sample01 |
+--------------------+
| mymember           |
| mymember2          |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc mymember2;
+------------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field      | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| myMemberID | int(10) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+------------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> drop table mymember2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_sample01 |
+--------------------+
| mymember           |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 구조, 테이터 복사

create table 새로운 테이블명 select * from 복사할 테이블명;
create table myMember1 select * from myMember;
Query OK, 20 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 20  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
select * from myMember1;
+----------+-----------------------+---------+-----------+----------+--------+------------+----------+
| memberID | youEmail              | youName | youPass   | youBirth | youAge | youPhone   | regTime  |
+----------+-----------------------+---------+-----------+----------+--------+------------+----------+
|        1 | ohwehoh@naver.com     | 이연우  | dldus1358 | 19950720 |     28 | 1014141441 | 12341234 |
|        2 | go_goa@naver.com      | 김현우  | 159753    | 19920126 |     31 | 1087361836 | 40250371 |
|        3 | jsjh442@naver.com     | 박지선  | 1234      | 19980423 |     25 | 1057421662 | 12341234 |
|        4 | illie@naver.com       | 류성일  | ryuPass   | 19940426 |     29 | 1055327391 |     1440 |
|        5 | wwuu123@naver.com     | 최가영  | 12345678  | 19970506 |     26 | 1066179991 | 12345678 |
|        6 | sbxjs6999@naver.com   | 박근희  | 1234qwer  | 19970214 |     26 | 1041046999 | 12345678 |
|        7 | sna12345@naver.com    | 배석찬  | 1234      | 19960727 |     27 | 1033125279 |  3270327 |
|        8 | GarenChoi@naver.com   | 최근영  | 1234      | 19970117 |     26 | 1054651345 |      234 |
|        9 | dhtpfls321@naver.com  | 오세린  | 1234      | 19980214 |     25 | 1032229944 | 12345678 |
|       10 | dnstjq6305@naver.com  | 조운섭  | qweasdf   | 19911110 |     32 | 1024068904 | 12345678 |
|       11 | dnwls7738@naver.com   | 천우진  | 12asdf    | 19960324 |     27 | 1055805274 | 45678941 |
|       12 | seongwoo@lycos.com    | 박성우  | 123456asd | 19910506 |     32 | 1044779156 | 54216451 |
|       13 | apdlvmf8044@gmail.com | 송준섭  | qweasdf   | 19931120 |     30 | 1088648044 | 21846351 |
|       14 | rmsgur2275@gmail.com  | 박근혁  | alcls2860 | 19980611 |     25 | 1058122860 | 12345678 |
|       15 | ik6623@naver.com      | 박종호  | 1234qwer  | 19950909 |     28 | 1040976623 | 10293857 |
|       16 | jungsik321@naver.com  | 김정식  | 1234      | 19930209 |     30 | 1025738580 | 20220314 |
|       17 | 96tmdqh@naver.com     | 한승보  | 1234      | 19960716 |     27 | 1020153932 |     1234 |
|       18 | placidcy@gmail.com    | 김지섭  | 1234      | 19900212 |     32 | 1011112222 | 20220314 |
|       19 | go_goa@naver.com      | 김현우  | 159753    | 19920126 |     31 | 1087361836 | 40250371 |
|       20 | ik6623@naver.com      | 박종호  | 1234qwer  | 19950909 |     28 | 1040976623 | 10293857 |
+----------+-----------------------+---------+-----------+----------+--------+------------+----------+
20 rows in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 구조 복사

create table 새로운 테이블명 LIKE 복사할 테이블명;
create table myMember2 LIKE myMember;

테이블 데이터 복사

INSERT INTO 새로운 테이블명 SELECT * FROM 복사할 테이블명;
INSERT INTO myMember3 SELECT * FROM myMember;
ALTER TABLE 테이블명 ADD 추가할 필드명 AFTER 필드명 위치;
ALTER TABLE myMember ADD youGender enum('m', 'w', 'x') default 'x' comment "남성은 m, 여성은 w" AFTER youBirth;
desc mymember;
+------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type              | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned  | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(12)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | varchar(12)       | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youGender  | enum('m','w','x') | YES  |     | x       |                |
| regTime    | int(11)           | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ALTER TABLE 테이블명 MODIFY 수정할 필드명
mysql> desc mymember2;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youName    | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER TABLE mymember2 MODIFY youName int(20);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
mysql> desc mymember2;

+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youName    | int(20)          | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ALTER TABLE 테이블명 drop 삭제할 필드명
mysql> ALTER TABLE mymember2 drop youGender;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc mymember2;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youAddress | varchar(30)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youAge     | int(2)           | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(11)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
INSERT INTO 테이블이름(필드명) VALUES(데이터);
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('ohwehoh@naver.com','이연우','dldus1358','19950720','28','01014141441','12341234');
SELECT * FROM 테이블명;

전체 데이터 불러오기

mysql> select * from myMember;

조건 데이터 불러오기

mysql> SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 WHERE 조건;

회원 아이디가 10번인 경우

mysql> SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID = 10;

회원 아이디가 10번이 아닌 경우

mysql> SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID <> 10;

회원 아이디가 5~10번인 경우

mysql> SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID >= 5 AND <=10;

범위 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 WHERE 컬럼명 BETWEEN 시작 값 AND 끝 값;

회원 아이디가 5~10번인 경우

mysql> SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

회원 아이디가 5~10번이 아닌 경우

mysql> SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID NOT BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

해당 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 WHERE 컬럼명 IN(값1, 값2, 값3...
mysql> SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE memberID IN(4, 6, 13, 14);

패턴 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 WHERE 컬럼명 LIKE

이메일 중에 naver 텍스트가 포함된 경우

mysql> select * from mymember where youEmail like '%naver%';

이메일 중에 web 텍스트가 시작되는 경우

mysql> select * from mymember where youEmail like 'web%';

이메일 중에 com 텍스트로 끝나는는 경우

mysql> select * from mymember where youEmail like '%com';

이름 중에 '김'으로 시작되는 멤버를 출력!

mysql> select * from mymember where youName like '김%';

이름 중에 '김'씨 이거나 '황'씨인 경우의 멤버를 출력!

mysql> select * from mymember where youName like '김%' OR youName like '황%';

이름 중에 중간 글자가 '근'인 경우의 멤버를출력!(%: 문자열, _: 단일 1개의 글자)

mysql> select * from mymember where youName like '_근_';
mysql> select * from mymember where youName like '__연';

NULL 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 WHERE 컬럼명 IS NULL;
mysql> select * from mymember where youName IS NULL;
mysql> select * from mymember where youName IS NOT NULL;

논리 연산자 데이터 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 WHERE 컬럼명 연산자

나이가 30살 이거나 김씨인 멤버

mysql> select * from mymember where youAge >= 30 or youName like '김__';

나이가 20살 이상이고, 김씨인 멤버

mysql> select * from mymember where youAge >= 20 and youName like '김__';

멤버아이디가 2또는 11 그리고 나이가 30이상인 경우

mysql> select * from mymember where (memberID=2 OR memberID=11) AND youAge >= 30;

데이터 갯수 불러오기

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 LIMIT 표시할 수
mysql> select * from mymember LIMIT 12;
mysql> select * from mymember LIMIT 10, 20;
mysql> select youEmail from mymember LIMIT 10, 20;

내림차순/오름차순

SELECT * FROM 테이블 명 ORDER by 컬럼명 정렬방식(DESC/ASC)
mysql> select * from mymember ORDER by youAge;
UPDATE 테이블명(필드명) SET 컬럼명 조건;

모든 회원의 비밀번호를 '1234' 변경

mysql > UPDATE mymember SET youPass = '1234';

5번회원부터 10번회원까지의 비밀번호를 '1234567' 변경

mysql > UPDATE mymember SET youPass = '1234567' where memberID BETWEEN 5 and 10;

아이디 내림차순

mysql > UPDATE mymember SET youPass = '****' where DESC LIMIT 10; 

전체 데이터 삭제

DELETE FROM 테이블명
DELETE FROM mymember;

조건 데이터 삭제

DELETE FROM 테이블명 조건

조건 삭제 : 회원 아이디가 5번인 멤버를 삭제

DELETE FROM mymember WHERE memberID = 5;

조건 삭제 : 패스워드가 '****'인 멤버를 삭제

DELETE FROM mymember WHERE myPass LIKE '****';

정렬 삭제 : 이름을 기준으로 5번째까지 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM mymember ORDER BY youName LIMIT 5;

지정 삭제 : 지정한 멤버 삭제

delete from mymember where memberID in (8,9,10,11);
SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 앨리어스 JOIN 연결할 테이블명 엘리어스 ON(조건문);
CREATE TABLE myMember (
    memberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(20) NOT NULL,
    youPhone int(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (memberID)
) charset=utf8 comment "회원 정보 테이블";

CREATE TABLE myReview (
    reviewID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    memberID int(10) unsigned,
    youCont tinytext NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (reviewID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('4', '정말 감사합니다. 너무 좋네요!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('7', '이거 정말 사야돼!!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('1', '이거 가방 오나전 별루예요.. 사진빨', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('9', '이거 좋다! 좋다! 좋다!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('12', '마라탕 먹고싶다.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('3', '오늘은 정말 마라탕 먹고싶다.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('16', '가성비 짱입니다. 당장 사세요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('19', '안녕하세요. 안녕하세요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('2', '안녕못해요. 안녕못해요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('14', '빨리빨리빨리.', '12345');
    
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime FROM mymember m JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);

필드명 바꾸기

SELECT 필드명 AS 기존 필드명 대신 출력할 필드명 FROM 테이블명
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime AS reviewTime FROM mymember m JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);

필드 내용이 없는 경우 표시

LEFT JOIN
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime FROM mymember m LEFT JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);
SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 앨리어스 JOIN 연결할 테이블명 엘리어스 ON(조건문);
CREATE TABLE myRecode (
    recodeID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    memberID int(10) unsigned,
    javascript tinyint NOT NULL,
    html tinyint NOT NULL,
    css tinyint NOT NULL,
    mysql tinyint NOT NULL,
    react tinyint NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (recodeID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(1, 50, 30, 10, 30, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(2, 60, 30, 30, 10, 20);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(3, 50, 36, 50, 30, 30);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(4, 80, 30, 70, 20, 60);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(5, 50, 40, 90, 30, 40);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(6, 20, 30, 40, 90, 50);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(7, 50, 90, 50, 50, 60);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(8, 40, 30, 20, 80, 70);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(9, 50, 70, 40, 30, 80);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(10, 20, 30, 40, 30, 20);

집계함수의 종류

SELECT count(javascript) from myrecode;
SELECT sum(javascript) from myrecode;
SELECT avg(javascript) from myrecode;
SELECT max(javascript) from myrecode;
SELECT min(javascript) from myrecode;

그룹별 집계

GROUP BY

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 GROUP BY 필드명
SELECT memberID avg(javascript) from myrecode WHERE memberID IN(1,2,3,4) GROUP BY memberID;